Immanuel Kant was an 18th-century German philosopher, widely known for his various achievements and works such as the Critique of Pure Reason and the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals. Kant developed a theory of ethics that depends on reason rather than emotion called Moral Law. Kant was not anti-religious but wanted a system of ethics that was not obscured by religion, emotion, or personal interpretation. According to Kant, morality is a function of reason, based on our awareness of necessary and universal laws. He believed that laws generate duties and to act on duty is to act within the law. Kant distinguishes two types of imperatives, which describe the moral law. The first is the hypothetical imperative, which commands based on the assumption that something is wanted. Basically, the thing you want is an “end” and the only way to get it is the “means”. For example, you should not miss more than two discussions per week for this online course if you want to pass the course, but it only binds you if you want to pass it. If you do not wish to pass this course it has no effect on your will and does not generate moral duties. Therefore morality is not a means to any end. Kant argues that the moral law should be a categorical imperative, which on the other hand binds unconditionally. If you want something it's not a problem, just obey the command. The moral law has no exceptions and is binding on all people regardless of their desires. For example, let's say you fall from a building, you cannot resist while you are falling and simply exempt yourself from the law of gravitation because regardless of whether you do or not, you will still fall. Nor can you exempt yourself from mo... middle of paper... the formulation of the categorical imperative would have to be right from all points of view, which means that it would require reciprocity: “Always act in such a way that you are both a legislator what a legislator in the kingdom of the Fini. The moral law would have to do with the command to act in such a way that one's actions can be performed by all people with any contradiction. For example, imagine that we live in a society in which we are blind to the empirical differences between us and in which no one acts out of inclination, but rather out of respect for the moral law. Note that since all differences between agents have been neutralized with respect to their behavioral consequences, they would all act in the same way and adopt the same moral rules. Curiously, as in the case of the first formulation, ethics is at the same time subjective, universal and necessary.