Herpes Simplex is a common virus that causes infection in humans. This virus spreads to both humans and animals. However, humans are the primary reservoirs of HSV and are the only ones who exhibit symptoms. There are two types of Herpes Simplex known as HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 primarily causes oral herpes, while HSV-2 causes genital herpes.1 This virus is contracted easily and often during childhood. Unfortunately, this virus is latent and resurfaces every now and then, especially during times of stress. Herpes Simplex is mostly a mild infection, however this virus can lead to many serious complications. Features and transmission. Herpes Simplex comes from the Herpesviridae family. It is a DNA virus that has a lipid bilayer envelope with glycoprotein spikes when active.2 HSV contains a capsid that contains capsomers, a tegument (which initiates replication), and a genome.3 In its latent form, l 'HSV does not have an envelope to remain dormant on the trigeminal nerve ganglion.1 However, this does not mean that the person is no longer affected; the virus can always reactivate. Because the virus remains in neural tissue, it can invade the brain and destroy it. HSV-1 is spread through saliva and direct contact, such as kissing, sharing eating utensils, drinks, or personal items. Children often contract the virus from kissing their parents and coming into contact with other children. HSV-2 is spread through sexual intercourse. HSV must be transported through body fluids (saliva, pus, semen, vaginal fluid) to infect cells.3 The virus is transmitted through the body's mucous membranes or through an open wound and has an incubation period of 2-12 days.4Virulence factors and pathogenic mechanism... half of the article... to be replicated.4 Other antivirals that affect HSV are valaciclovir and famiciclovir. For cold sores, acyclovir is not as effective as valaciclovir.7 However, aciclovir, valaciclovir, and famiciclovir are all equally effective against recurrent genital herpes.7 The use of antivirals is most effective if used within the first 72 hours from onset. In immunocompromised people, the virus has been shown to be resistant to aciclovir.7 Unfortunately, these antivirals only act on the active version and do not work against the latent virus. This means that the host will always be infected.Conclusion. Herpes simplex is a virus that many people contract during childhood. It can cause lesions to form on the mouth or genitals that are both painful and irritating. In most cases they only cause discomfort to the guest. However, in rare scenarios, it can be life-threatening.