The most common thread in the criticism of Isaac Babel's Red Calvary is evident. In only one article does the critic describe the collection as “a vision of polarity and paradox,” “a tangle of unresolvable ambiguities,” and “a paradoxical world in which irreconcilable polarities are at its core” (Luplow 216, 223, 230). In the article “The Red Cavalry of Babel: Epic and Pathos, History and Culture,” Milton includes a tedious list of contradictions for the reader to explore: “the way of violence versus the way of peace, Cossack versus Jew, the new order revolutionary versus traditional society, noble savage versus civilized man, and a pair that can subsume all of these: nature versus culture” (Milton 231). With so many contradictions and polarities to explore, it's easy to see how many aspects of the story remain intact. Since its publication in 1926, scholars have studied Babel's masterful prose in The Red Calvary and have relentlessly searched for unifying elements, meaning, and structure, but have failed to fully examine the cultural influences of modern European artistic movements, primarily Expressionism . of the Present: Isaac Babel's Red Calvary,” the author emphasizes that Babel's narrative cannot be separated from the revolution in which he lived, nor have his modern experiences had time for reflection and resolution: Living during the Russian Revolution, Babel was writing from within history rather than remembering a time now gone. Under the pressure of events, memory was unable to carry out its healing work, allowing experience to sometimes disintegrate into a kaleidoscope of contradictions between what should be and what is, between past and present, Jew and Cossack, poet and commissioner. (Klotz 160)This kaleidoscope is......center of paper......print.Clyman, Toby W. "Babel' as Colorist." The Slavic and East European Journal 21.3(1977): 332-43. Network. January 29, 2010.Ehre, Milton. "The red cavalry of Babel: epic and pathos, history and culture". SlavicReview 40.2 (1981): 228-40. Network. 29 January 2010. Kandinsky, Vasilij. As for the spiritual in art. Trans. Michael T. H. Sadler. 1914. Minnesota State University: Copyright Theodore Gracyk, 2002. Web. Network. January 29, 2010. Koltz, Martin B. “Poetry of the Present: The Red Cavalry of Issak Babel.” The Slavic and EastEuropean Journal 18.2 (1974): 160-69. Network. January 28, 2010. Luplow, Carol. "Paradox and the search for value in the Red Calvary of Babel." The Slavicand East European Journal 23.2 (1979): 216-32. Network. 28 January 2010.Vinokur, Val. “Morality and Orality in Isaac Babel's 'Red Calvary'. Massachusetts Review 45.4 (2004/2005): 674-95. Network. January 29. 2010.