CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPEBACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Guidance and counseling are an integral part of a school. Through guidance and counseling, students' needs can be met. The orientation program is used to see the skeleton and foundation of the entire orientation and counseling service. Guidance and Counseling has been defined in the Rules and Regulations (RR) of Republic Act 9258, Rule 1, Section 3 (Manila Standard, 2007), as a profession involving an “integrated approach to the development of a well-functioning individual, primarily helping him to use his present and future in accordance with his abilities, interests and needs". Villar (2007) stated that various disciplines provide the basis for guidance and counseling to effectively respond to the needs and concerns arising from certain conditions within the individual, family, environment and society at large. In addition to that, Yuksel-Sahin (2009) reported in the study that counseling and guidance services help the individual to know and understand himself, accept his superior and limited characteristics, develop and have self-confidence himself, to develop effective interpersonal relationships and to become a personally and socially balanced and harmonious individual.PROBLEM STATEMENTIMPORTANCE OF SCOPE OF STUDY AND LIMITATIONDEFINITION OF TERMSCHAPTER IREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREThis chapter presents the research literature relevant to the current study. In this way the different concepts, ideas and opinions provided by researchers are enriched and clarified. Conceptual and research literature on guidance and counseling programs and evaluation of guidance and counseling programs has been collected...... half of the paper ...... number of samples Sum of squares between: where: SSb = sum of squares between  dfw = nt – k Mean of squares between: where: MSb = mean of squares between SSb = sum of squares between dfb = degrees of freedom between Mean of squares within:where:MSw = mean of squares withinSSw = sum of squares within dfw = degrees of freedom withinF – ratio:where:F = test ratio FMSb = mean square traMSw = mean square within After calculating the value of the F-test ratio, decide whether to accept or reject the stated null hypothesis. Reject the hypothesis if the calculated value is greater than the tabular value, accept otherwise.