Negative Effects of Information Technology on Productivity. Hitt and Brynjolfesson (1994) found positive effects of information technology based on measures of production and consumer surplus. But on the other hand Landaver (1995) found from various studies and documents the problem with computers. At this stage, academic research shows that findings are inconsistent across the number of dimensions, including performance measures, methodologies and data sources. Researchers have found that increased performance and productivity are not entirely dependent on IT investments. Mahmoud and Mann (2005). Productivity is the fundamental measure of technological contribution. While there have been continuous success stories, there have also been some failures. The lack of accuracy in quantitative measures of the output and value created by information technology has made the MIS manager's task of evaluating investments particularly difficult. (Kemmerer and Sosa, 1991; Schneider; 1987). Even academics have had problems accessing this new technology, which on the other hand has proven to be a negative value. Some researchers have concluded that information technology has also had a negative impact on productivity. Dedrick et al (2003) “studies have failed to identify the relationship between investment in information technology and firm profit. The term "productivity paradox" describes the inability of information technology to produce greater productivity. Solow (1987) believed that the technological revolution slowed productivity growth. Stephen Roach (1994) was one of the first to use the term productivity paradox. He described the paradox as a situation in which America's service sector holds about 85% of the country's information... middle of paper... whenever computers just need to update their software just to keep up to date with the trends sector. Technology also has a negative impact on customers. Although information technologies did not yield adequate positive results in the early 1980s, new information technologies adopted in the 1990s changed the competitive strategy of manufacturing companies. Theories have already said this, but the lack of data cannot prove it. Most researchers studying the return on IT investments have focused primarily on productivity, although they are aware that they likely underestimate the total return on IT investments. To test this data, unique data was needed that identified what IT really means in the manufacturing process, data on productivity gains, and data on product customization. References Smith, J. 2008. The influence of information technology on productivity.