Ethical Theory: In this case, I will apply the “Four Quadrants” approach to reveal and evaluate the various ethical dilemmas present in this clinical experience. Initially developed by Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade (reference 2,3) in 1982, this relatively new method of ethical analysis provides healthcare professionals with a practical framework for establishing an association between the circumstances of a case and underlying ethical dimensions. This system is composed of a series of specific questions related to medical indications, patient preferences, quality of life and contextual characteristics. Essentially each quadrant addresses an important concept in medical practice, starting with the medical problem itself, the various treatment options available and their prognosis. The patient's priorities are then identified and taken into consideration; then it is important to establish the impact of each outcome on the individual's health and functional status. Finally, the remaining contextual factors, such as any legal and economic issues involved in the case, are discussed. This step-by-step approach allows the breakdown of the primary ethical dilemma into a series of questions that facilitate the doctor's thought process and thus help reach an ethically justified decision. Application of ethical tools Indications for medical intervention What is the medical problem? The lady in this clinical study scenario was experiencing severe suffocation as within seconds she was unable to speak; became progressively wheezy and cyanotic with a slightly blue skin tone; and his cough attempts seemed to become weaker and quieter. Apparently, this was a life threatening emergency... half of the paper... I would argue that there is tacit consent from the patient's conduct and that the medical student is touching the patient for the benefit of his care. Conversely, the patient's failure to know the identity of the medical student could alter the validity of the patient's consent. Ultimately, unless the patient suffered harm and can demonstrate that the medical student was negligent, any claim by the patient would be weak. It is important to note that there are currently no specific professional guidelines on such an ethical dilemma for medical students; which in theory would be very useful for others to refer to if they were facing similar challenges. Furthermore, the victim's cultural and religious beliefs were unknown and there were no noteworthy resource allocation issues present in this scenario, so such contextual characteristics are extraneous to the analysis of this case.