In this way, it could potentially alert serial criminals, which would provide them with the ability to manage their criminal behavior to avoid being criminally profiled (Devery, 2010). This lack of transparency makes it very difficult to compare the benefits of the ICIAF approach with the approach and range of services offered by a forensic psychologist. Devery (2010) states, in recent years; The scientific legitimacy of criminal profiling has come under scrutiny, due to the lack of theoretical or empirical support documenting its effectiveness. Furthermore, regarding the lack of research supporting criminal profiling, there is a notable lack of evidence that profiling has ever had a considerable impact in solving cold cases (Devery, 2010). Every now and then a profile has proven accurate, but only up to a point, after the case has been solved. Statistically, Muller (2000) reports of 192 requests for criminal profiles, only 17% of such profiles were used to identify an offender, but 77% reported that the profiles assisted in their investigations. On the other hand, in most cases, a criminal profile is known to have misled investigators or even contributed to the arrest of a person who was convicted and subsequently found not guilty.