Many people believe that hybrid and electric vehicles are recent phenomena. But the history of HEVs goes back a long way. According to Rahman (2008), the production of hybrid vehicles dates back to the early 1900s, when Ferdinand Porsche of the Lohner Coach Factory developed the Mixte, which was a 4WD series hybrid version of the "Lohner-Porsche System". To extend the operational range, the vehicle included two generators driven by 2.5 HP Daimler IC engines which allowed it to cover almost 65 km on battery power alone. It had a maximum speed of 50 km/h and a power of 5.22 kW during 20 minutes. Since then there have been various attempts by many other innovators to make a mass-produced hybrid vehicle, even though there was no study showing demand for the products. A more recent working prototype of the hybrid electric vehicle was built by Victor Wouk, who worked on hybrid vehicles for decades in the 1960s and 1970s. His innovative work has earned him the title “Godfather of the Hybrid” (Woku & Goodstein, 2004). His major work, considered groundbreaking, was the installation of a prototype 16-kilowatt (21 hp) electric motor hybrid drivetrain in a 1972 Buick Skylark and was part of the United States' federal Clean Car Incentive Program Environmental Protection Agency which continued until 1976. The involvement of the United States government in research for the development and use of fuel-efficient vehicles is an important part of the history and development of hybrid vehicles in the United States. Different programs and initiatives were launched at different times. In the early 1990s, a major program was initiated that played a role in the history of hybrid vehicles in the United States. In a Congressional Research Service (CRS) report to congress, Sissine (1996) presented that on September 29... halfway through the document... the US market and companies have also been globalized. The large Japanese automakers, Honda and Toyota, entered the U.S. market in the early 1980s. Since then, they have seen their market share grow while the “big three” have faced declining shares. Bradley et al. (2005) argued that variation between rivals in terms of related cultures and philosophies has intensified rivalry in the industry. This rivalry is further intensified by the high fixed costs associated with production and the low switching costs for consumers to purchase a different make or model (Bradley et al., 2005, p.3). Rivalry and competition within the industry in the United States is becoming more concentrated. In the United States the sector is no longer dominated by the Big 3. In the field of hybrid vehicles the advantage is largely Toyota, followed by other local and international manufacturers..