For example, if a woman molests a child, she will typically receive a lower sentence than a man would receive. According to Kanowitz of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service, “women have historically received different treatment because of their sex, often to their advantage. The female delinquent [tends] to receive substantially different treatment by the police, the courts and correctional institutions” (1969). It appears that some magistrates or judges treat criminal behaviors and histories differently based on a person's gender. On average, men receive harsher sentences than women. Another study conducted by Sonja Starr, an assistant professor of law at the University of Michigan, found that “men are given much harsher sentences than women convicted of the same crimes in federal courts. Men receive sentences that are on average 63% higher than their female counterparts. Women arrested for a crime are also more likely to avoid charges and convictions altogether, and twice as likely to avoid incarceration if convicted (2012).” Men make up the majority of the population detained in prisons and have a higher imprisonment rate than women for the many reasons given