Topic > Erikson's psychosocial theory of development: young adults

The young adult is subjected to numerous stresses during the development process. Erikson theorized the developmental stages of growth in tasks. Of Eriksons' theoretical tasks, one task describes the theory of intimacy versus isolation. This task theory can be examined using the normative crisis model. Knowledge of the developmental tasks of the young adult can be useful for nurses, especially in relation to their ability to relate to the young adult. One of the life stages is young adulthood, which suggests significant changes and an increase in responsibility. This developmental stage is described as between the ages of twenty and forty, where “…the potential for the promotion of intellectual, emotional, and even physical development manifests.” (Gething, 1995, p.377). As people age, the progress of developmental stages may differ, so a way to assess progression has been formulated using two main seizure models. The former are the normative crisis model and the latter includes the temporal crisis model of events. The normative crisis model has played an important role in shaping the psychology of developmental stages because it has allowed theorists to imply that developmental stages may follow an age-related temporal sequence ( Gething, 1995 ). The normative crisis model suggests that human development has a deep-seated foundation. plan in which the crisis described by Erikson is seen as a requirement that must be resolved by the person before successfully progressing from one developmental stage to another. Achieving this task crisis should provide the young adult with the ability to challenge the adolescent's prior ideas about intimacy and isolation. This model is adapted for task progression to follow adult chronological age, while related social and emotional changes progress through a sequence that Erikson characterizes in eight specific crisis tasks across the lifespan. (Kozier, Erb, Blais & Wilkinson, 1995). The second crisis model depends on the timing of events and not on crisis resolution or a basic plan, but emphasizes the importance of each event that occurs in the lives of young adults. Life events that proceed as expected will encourage development, while unexpected life events can result in anxiety and slow developmental progression. (Gething, 1995). According to Erikson's personality theory, the young adult should progress through the psychosocial crisis of intimacy versus isolation. Tasks for this life stage consist of courting and selecting a "mate", marriage and associated choices, such as children and monogamous relationships, career choices and lifestyle changes, and developing intellectual skills for accept choices. (Turner and Helms, 1987.).