Emily PawlakAP Chaste World Period 7Chapter 14 Questions1. What was the impact of the Mongol conquest of Russia? Of the Islamic heart? The impact of the Mongol conquest of both the Islamic heartland and Russia was broad and lasting. After the Mongol conquest of the regional cities of Russia, they settled two and a half centuries. The Russians had to pay tribute and hand over all their possessions to the Mongol lords. These farmers essentially became serfs as they in turn gave their possessions in exchange for protection. Moscow, however, prospered despite being destroyed during the conquests. With its reconstruction it became the tribute center for the Mongol lords and the center for the Orthodox Church. To continue, the Mongols helped organize the Russian army and partly helped establish a political precedent of centralized authority with few limitations on assigned power. In the heartland of Islam, the Mongol conquest killed the caliph and destroyed Baghdad, leaving Muslims without followers and without a capital center. In some ways, this second conquest was much harder than that of Russia, with its violence and religious impact.2. What was the impact of the Mongol conquest on China's social and political structure? After many years of conquests in China, the Mongols slowly established their own culture and structure in the Chinese empire, although they encountered opposition. Initially, Kubilai passed laws to distinguish between Mongols and Chinese. Chinese scholars had to learn the Mongolian alphabet and script in order to keep formal records for the government. Mongols couldn't intermarry with Chinese, and mutual relationships between the two cultures were also frowned upon... middle of paper... as opposed to those of the Mongols? Although the Mongols were brutal in their campaign to conquer, Timur-i Lang's conquests were extremely harsh, much more so than those of the Mongols. He is considered one of the harshest rulers of the time and expanded the empire through harsh measures. Rather than the Mongols, who were somewhat peaceful after the conquest, Timur-i Lang was harmful to those he conquered in Asia. He massacred villages and burned them. Most likely due to his rule and the vastness of the area he ruled, the Mongol Empire was not united and failed to muster any large trade network it previously had. Overall, Timur-i Lang was much more brutal than any other Mongol Khan's rule, especially during and after the conquests. His zeal to obtain more land prevented all conquered peoples from living peacefully under his leadership.