Monuments such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the San Vitale in Ravenna are of great importance in Byzantine and Islamic architecture. Both of these structures did not exclusively represent the main place of worship, but above all a symbol of achievement and growth in the current times of construction. Starting in 524, under the influence of the Orthodox bishop Ecclesius, the development of San Vitale was to represent the exploits of Emperor Justinian. Julius Argentarius was the sponsor of this structure and it was dedicated by Bishop Maximian in 547. The Dome of the Rock was built on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem in 692 with the help of Abd al-Malik with the suspected intention of symbolizing the influence of 'Islam in Jerusalem and its involvement in a highly Jewish and Christian supremacy. Although separated by over 100 years, both of these domes share multiple similarities, including a projection of faith in their culture of origin. The San Vitale is mainly built of brick with marble and mosaic interiors. The plan consists of an octagonal organization with a central dome supported by a high cylindrical drum. Separated by clerestory windows, there is a concentric dome of rings of clay pipes and seven curved exedras connected to vaulted half-domes. At the main entrance of this chapel there is a narthex which prevents access from the right apsidal chapels. On both sides of the narthex there are two projecting towers, one is a spiral staircase tower and the other a bell tower. The connection between the central area of ​​the dome and the ambulatory is made up of 8 sturdy masonry pillars. The outer prism incorporates two levels of galleries with eccentric floor-to-ceiling mosaics. Whether marble or mosaic, the monument fills......half of the paper......the structures are built in an attempt to be noticed for their cultural significance but not as a primary religious gathering place, and both have large walkways for the flow of spectators. Now, unlike the two monuments, the two have differences in imagery, exterior, and added spacing. The Dome of the Rock has mosaics on the outside and inside and the mosaics are not representative. The overall shape of the temple is simply a dome on an octagonal base. However, San Vitale presents multiple images of figures and animals but excludes it only within itself. Furthermore, unlike the Dome of the Rock, its plan consists of a narthex, two towers, an apse and two chapels. By studying these monuments, it is possible to understand the importance of religious or cultural imagery, as well as the limited materials for construction in these particular areas.