Problem no. 1 A man presents to the clinic complaining of asthenia, malaise, headache, weight gain and decreased urination. A provisional diagnosis of acute renal failure is made. Acute renal failure is a constant and rapid deterioration in the functioning of the kidneys. This happens when the high level of waste from the kidneys is left unattended. Acute kidney failure occurs when the kidney fails to expel daily waste or toxins from the body in the form of urine. Simply put, the kidneys have stopped working, they have lost the ability to filter water and waste from the blood. The kidneys remove waste products and help balance salt, water, and other minerals in the blood. In acute renal failure, the kidneys lose their ability to remove waste and concentrate urine without losing electrolytes. Acute renal failure is classified as: Prerenal: occurs due to renal hypoperfusion or as a result of a condition that decreases blood flow to the kidneys. Intrarenal results from damage to the kidneys, usually from acute tubular necrosis. Post-renal (obstructive) is the result of bilateral obstruction of urinary flow. The most common cause of obstructive uropathy in men is the prostate. There are several diagnostic tests or evaluations performed to prognosticate acute renal failure. These are:1. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, showing metabolic acidosis.2. Prerenal urine has decreased PH, urinary sodium, oliguria, increased specific gravity, creatinine, and normal sediment. Renal specific gravity is decreased, urinary sodium and creatinine are increased, sediment contains cast. Post Renal has normal specific gravity, sodium and creatinine in urine, normal sediment or possible hematuria.3. Blood compound... medium of paper... suitable for pumping blood out of the body through an artificial kidney that filters waste and then returns it to the body. A kidney transplant requires surgery, taking a healthy kidney from a donor and placing it into the patient with kidney failure. If the operation is successful, the patient must take medications for life to avoid rejection of the new kidney. My nursing care plan and goals include:1. Maintenance and stabilization of fluid/electrolyte balance.2. Complications are prevented or minimized.3. The disease process/prognosis and treatment regimen are understood by the patient and family.4. Help the patient to realistically deal with the situation; initiate the necessary lifestyle changes.5. Offer numbers or brochures for a support group.6. Put a plan in place to address needs after discharge.Works Citedww.kidney.org,www.biblehealth.com,proquest.com