In most surgeries, the risks are weighed against the expected health improvements. However, the same ethical problems that early plastic surgeons had in performing cosmetic procedures have never been resolved. Some patients may overlook the risks of cosmetic surgery because it is performed by doctors. One response to the PIP scandal could be to completely ban doctors from performing cosmetic breast augmentation. Breast implants of many types are known to cause burning pain, loss of sensation, hardening of the breast tissue, and serious infections. A woman who has suffered complications from implants has petitioned the Scottish Government calling for such a ban. It could also be argued that cosmetic surgery violates the Hippocratic Oath because it involves potential harm without curing or preventing disease. However, it would be difficult to ban cosmetic surgery internationally. More than half a million US residents went abroad last year (2011) for medical care, and elective treatments such as cosmetic surgery are the most popular treatments. Although PIP implants were not authorized for use in the United States, they were sold to American medical tourists in countries such as Brazil. (Edmonds, A.,