"Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why violent video games should not be banned"? Get an original essay A gyroscope is a device that uses to measure the orientation and the angular velocity of the vehicle in which it is placed. Typical gyroscope consists of a rotating wheel in which the rotation axis is free to assume any position in space by itself. During its operation, the orientation of the wheel axis which turns is not affected by the rotation of the mounted vehicle, based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Travel without navigation technology is unimaginable. Gyroscopes can be considered the heart of the inertial navigation system Gyroscopes range from marine vehicles to space applications such as ballistic missile guidance, vehicle stabilization, fire control systems on ships, satellite navigation etc. There is a wide range of applications for gyroscopes ranging from underwater to space such as inertial navigation systems, as in the Hubble telescope, or inside the steel hull of a submerged submarine. Due to their precision, gyroscopes are also used in odorite gyroscopes to maintain direction in tunnel mining. Gyroscopes can also be used to build gyrocompasses, which complement magnetic compasses (in ships, airplanes and spacecraft, in vehicles in general), to aid stability (bicycles, motorcycles and ships) or be used as part of a inertial guidance system.A Typical Gyroscope A typical gyroscope has a wheel mounted on two or three gimbals, which are pivoted supports that allow rotation of the wheel about a single axis. Such gimbal assemblies, mounted one on top of the other with orthogonal pivot axes, can be used to allow a wheel mounted on the innermost gimbal to have an orientation that remains independent of the orientation, in space, of its support. In the case of a gyroscope with two gimbals, the external gimbal is the frame of the gyroscope and is mounted to rotate about an axis in its own plane determined by the mount. This external gimbal has one degree of rotational freedom and its axis has none. The internal gimbal is mounted on the gyro frame so that it rotates around an axis in its own plane which is always perpendicular to the hinge axis of the gyro frame (external gimbal). This internal gimbal has two rotational degrees of freedom. The axis of the spinning wheel defines the axis of rotation. The rotor is forced to rotate around an axis, which is always perpendicular to the axis of the internal gimbal. Therefore the rotor has three degrees of rotational freedom and its axis has two. The wheel responds to a force applied to the input axle by a reaction force to the output axle. A Dynamically Tuned Gyroscope A dynamically tuned gyroscope (DTG) is a rotor suspended from a universal joint with flexible pins. The stiffness of the bending spring is independent of the rotation speed. However, the dynamic inertia of gimbals provides a negative spring stiffness proportional to the square of the rotational speed. Therefore, at a particular speed, called the tuning speed, the two moments cancel each other out, freeing the rotor from torque, a necessary condition for an ideal gyroscope. A dynamically tuned gyroscope is composed of a rotor, hoses, gimbals, and a shaft driven by a motor. The main parameters are the moments of inertia of the gimbals, the torsional rigidity of the bends and the rotation speed. The shape of the universal joint must not"