Dr. Joan Twinge's experiment on Twitter use and the ability to pay attention demonstrates the issue of replicability as her second, similar study attempt did not yield similar results to the first study attempt. In the initial study, participants (people aged 18 to 35) first responded to a survey regarding their use of Twitter. With this information, the researchers then had the participants enter a lab where they tried to complete the puzzles while having the distraction of a television in the corner. The results of this study supposedly concluded that participants who frequently used Twitter appeared to be more distracted by television. The second study was very similar to the initial study and was expected to provide similar results. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The second study involved a group of 30-year-olds who had never used Twitter before creating Twitter accounts and using the accounts three times a day for a month. A second control group of similar people who did not use Twitter was also studied. The results of the second study do not support the original hypothesis because the group that used Twitter three times a day for a month did not prove to be more distracted at the end of the month than at the beginning of the month before the study. This study demonstrates the replicability problem because the first and second studies gave opposite results, despite being conducted with a similar method. The original study and conclusive findings in turn become questionable due to the fact that the claim that Twitter affects the ability to pay attention was not supported in more than one study. Correlation and Causation The proposed correlation between Twitter use and a person's ability to concentrate cannot be the definitive result of a cause and effect relationship resulting in a correlation between Twitter use and concentration. There are many other factors that contribute to a person's ability to concentrate beyond a single social media application. This study ignores the idea that some people may have disabilities or common disorders such as attention deficit disorder or ADHD, social anxiety, high levels of stress, or even just curiosity may explain the cause of participants watching television. ADD or ADHD is a common disability in adults and children that can cause difficulty concentrating and concentrating on one task at a time. Anxiety and stress are now very common in adolescents and adults. It is quite possible that many participants felt anxious or stressed while trying to complete the complex puzzles. Participants were put in a situation where they may not have felt comfortable and may have felt strong pressure to complete the puzzle. Watching television could be due to a feeling of discomfort, nervousness, stress or anxiety. There are many other similar explanations regarding participants watching television in addition to a positive correlation caused by frequent Twitter use. The way Dr. Joan Tinge conveys her findings is similar to the way Freud's theories and findings were conveyed. After the results of the second study on Twitter use and effects on concentration failed to support the original hypothesis, Dr. Joan Twinge refuses to accept that her hypothesis could fail. Dr. Tinge tries to defend her hypothesis but suggesting that despite the second study it doesn't support it.