The number of bioactive components extracted from Pistacia species is so abundant, including terpenoids, sterols and phenolic agents. These plants have many biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic and phytotoxicity effects due to its chemical constituents. The antimicrobial activities of Pistacia species have been recognized in various studies. Pistacia Vera oil extract had some stronger antifungal effects than nystatin. A new study has discovered by GC the components of Pistacia Terebinthus, GC-MS responsible for the antifungal activity. Most dermatophytes showed high sensitivity against α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, terpinolene and β-phellandrene present in Pistacia terebinthus leaves. A Turkish study described the powerful antibacterial efficacy of Pistacia Vera oil extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Obviously this has an essential role in the prevention of diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disorders in natural medicine. Furthermore, Pistacia Integerrima extract has relaxing and spasmolytic activities as well as anti-asthmatic effects. The mechanism of action appears to be the blockade of muscarinic receptors in the intestine. The antispasmodic action of Pistacia Integerrima is also beneficial for asthma patients and many studies will be designed in the future to prove this. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original EssayAnti-CancerAs mentioned, the variety of compounds in Pistacia species has given a unique feature to resolve many different ailments, including cancer cells. In fact, they act as a chemoprotective anti-tumor naturotherapy to resolve the side effects of chemotherapy such as nausea, vomiting and hair loss. One study shows that Pistacia Integerrima crude extract inhibited the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line by 97% in a dose-dependent manner. Instead of using antiemetic drugs with some neurological side effects such as metoclopramide, the antiemetic effect of aqueous extract of Pistacia Vera leaves and nuts was studied in young chickens. Emesis was induced by copper sulfate (60 mg/kg, orally) and ipecac (600 mg/kg, orally). The aqueous extract was injected intraperitoneally. The LD50 values ​​of aqueous leaf and nut extract were 666.5 mg/kg and 565.7 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum non-fatal doses of the aqueous extracts were 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg, respectively. It has been established that the antiemetic activity is due to central and/or peripheral receptors. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on the anticancer potential of extracts derived from mastic resin. Inhibition of the growth of prostate cancer, liver cancer, glioblastoma cells, lung cancer, and even leukemia tumor cells has been reported by Pistacia Lentiscus mastic resin. Analgesic and antipyretic effects Pain and fever are manifestations of inflammation. P. integerrima gall extract was evaluated in mice for their analgesic effects. At a dose of 200 mg/kg it showed a significant analgesic response. At 50–200 mg/kg, it relieved acute and chronic inflammation. The crude methanolic extract of P. integerrima bark was evaluated for antipyretic activity in the mouse model. At a dose of 100 mg/kg, the extract showed a significant antipyretic effect. Pistagremic acid derived from integerima bark extract possesses strong peripheral and central antinociceptive activity. In the rat model, terpene improved carrageenan-induced edema. Through docking studies, it has been explained thatthe antipyretic effect is due to the manipulation of the COX-2 enzyme. Hypoglycemic Effect Diabetes, a metabolic disease with pleiotropic health consequences, is rapidly emerging as an epidemic. Prevention and treatment strategies focus primarily on reducing postprandial blood glucose. A randomized study in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that consuming 25 g of pistachios twice daily for 12 weeks can decrease glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose levels. The outcome of the intervention suggests the glycemic control potential of walnuts. Hypotensive, anti-atheroscletic and cardioprotective Hypertension can lead to a range of cardiomyopathies such as asphyxia, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, ischemic myocardial damage, stroke, cardiac arrest etc. Reducing dyslipidemia and restoring blood pressure to normal can improve heart health. Eating nuts has been shown to be beneficial in this regard. The methanolic extract of P. vera nuts reduced aortic surface lesions, a rabbit atherosclerosis model. In a randomized trial, consuming pistachios for 4 weeks reduced serum oxidized LDL concentrations by lowering cholesterol and may provide additional benefit due to the antioxidants contained in pistachios. A moderate-fat diet containing P. vera nuts moderately improves some cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic adults A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, nut intake, including P. vera nuts, has salutary effects on blood pressure. P. lentiscus var. Chia resin has been evaluated in human subjects for possible cardiac benefits. Ingestion of the resin powder at a dose of 5 g/day for 18 months led to an improvement in serum parameters as reflected in lower levels of total cholesterol, LDL and apolipoprotein B. The digestive resin of P. lentiscus was evaluated for its digestive properties. Patients with functional dyspepsia were given the gum. Taking 350 mg three times a day for 3 weeks improved symptoms of intestinal discomfort such as stomach pain and heartburn, better than placebo. Antimicrobials Gastric disorders, ulcer etc. they are often due to bacterial activity. Helicobacter pylori as a cause of Crohn's inflammatory bowel disease is well validated.P. lentiscus at an oral dose of 500 mg/kg improved gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats. P. atlantica fruit oil extract improved ulcerative colitis in rat models. The microbiome, the microbes distributed in various niches of the human body, has been shown to be critical for immune status and neural homeostasis. Optimization of the microbiome through dietary interventions has been consistently suggested. Increasing the consumption of dried fruit, including pistachio, appeared beneficial in improving the intestine. composition of the microbiota. It promoted the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria over lactic acid bacteria. The essential oil derived from the gum of P. lentiscus var. Chia has been studied against a variety of foodborne and food spoilage pathogenic microbes. The oil dominated by a-pinene and b-myrcene was more effective against Clostridium perfrigens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces bailii. Gram-positive microbes were more sensitive than Gram-negative microbes. Another study reports that the effectiveness of P. lentiscus essential oil in inhibiting pathogens is due to the synergistic effect of the components it contains, highlighting the role of trace components such as verbenone, alpha-terpineol and linalool. The findings raised the possibility of their addition into the.