Topic > Socrates' Service - 1060

Through its depiction in Plato's Apology, Xenophon's Apology, and Aristophanes' Clouds, there are many examples given of Socrates' service in Athens. In the Clouds, although it is a comedy, Socrates' service has been described as a corruption of youth. In both apologies, Socrates was seen defending his actions and seeing them as positive for the city rather than negative. Socrates considered his service to Athens a "good" because through his philosophy he taught others to challenge social norms and practice divergent ways of thinking. In Plato's Apology, Socrates states that "until now no greater good has arisen for you" in the city than my service to the god" (AP: 30a). Using this in his defense, he was refuting the accusation of not observing the city's gods and putting his character in a good light for the jury. There are many times in Plato's AP where Socrates saw himself as helping rather than hindering the city. For example, when giving the example of the “gadfly,” Socrates compares himself to a gadfly and Athens to a horse. The horsefly, which is a nuisance to the horse, is in Socrates' eyes a necessary inconvenience that will help Athens prosper. In his logic, the gadfly's role was to sting and annoy the city enough in the service of truth. Through his portrayal in Plato's AP, Socrates is shown to be ambiguous when it comes to acknowledging his accusations, but when he briefly touches on the issue at hand, it seems that he truly believed that he was doing a great service to the city of Athens. Another service Socrates believed he was doing to help advance Athens was challenging the question "Who is wiser than Socrates?" When Socrates says he is making a... half a document... for the court. Socrates determined that he was doing a "service to God" by challenging his city to break social norms and try to evolve their way of thinking, but I don't think the people of the city appreciated his help. Even though he did what he felt was his civic duty/duty to god, those were still the things he was being accused of. He used his "service to god" as justification for his accusations instead of actually defending himself and denying the accusations (except in Plato's AP during his cross of Meletus). Socrates should have realized that he was living in traditional Athens and that they would not simply abandon their beliefs and become a more modern society through one man's philosophy. I believe the jury was right in reaching a guilty verdict for Socrates because, in the end, his apology wasn't good enough.