Never before in history has a monument received such widespread public and media attention as the Great Sphinx of Giza. The 73.5 meter long and 20 meter high stone carved statue (Dieter Arnold) not only fascinates people from all over the world, but has also created countless ideas for films, novels, video games and raises questions to those who are interested. Undoubtedly, the Sphinx has become one of the most important figures of ancient Egyptian culture right next to the pyramids in the eyes of Westerners. However, many questions remained a mystery for nearly decades, until the 1925 excavation led by Emile Baraize revealed the exotic design of the Sphinx to the world's view. Why did the ancient Egyptians build this impressive structure? For what purpose would they want to invest such resources and effort to start such a complex project? How was it built and how did the Egyptians overcome the enormous difficulties with the technologies of the past? The purpose of this article would be to discuss the possible identity of who the Sphinx might be and to compare and analyze the evidence from a material culture perspective. The document would be divided into four different sections. The first part briefly describes the purpose of this study and provides a brief modern history of the Sphinx. The second part will discuss the style/meaning, its association and context with the pyramids of Giza and how the Sphinx was built. The third part would be about discussing the kings who perhaps commissioned the construction of the Sphinx and analyzing the style of the Pyramid based on the style of those kings. Two kings who could be the owners of the Sphinx are Khafra and Khufu, which would be my main focus here and I would discuss the pros and cons of different scholars' ideas. Last p...... middle of paper......Indian architecture.Princeton: Princeton Unviersity Pess, 2003Christiane,Zivie-Coche. Sphinx: history of a monument. London: Cornell University Press, 2002. Hadingham, E. “Discovering the Secrets of the Sphinx.” Smithsonian 40, no. 11 (2010): 32-41. Hawass, Zahi. Egyptology at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2000. Hawass, Zahi. Secrets of the Sphinx: Restoration Past and Present. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 1998. Hawass, Zahi. "Remnants of a lost civilization?" Archeology 47, no. 5 (1994): 45-47.Hourig, Sourouzian. "Sculptures of the Old Kingdom". A Companion to Ancient Egypt 2, n. (2010): 859-862.Lehner, Mark. "The Sphinx: Who Built It, and Why?" Archeology 47, no. 5 (1994): 30-47.Zivie-Coche,Christiane. Sphinx: history of a monument. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002.