Role of Managers and Individuals If we look at history, we find examples of kings and other rulers who sought the advice of experts to assist them in solving and managing problems. When faced with complicated problems there is a perpetual human need to consult competent people in the process of solving and managing such problems. Organizational changes are inevitable and bring renewal, rebirth, and opportunities for the organization to refocus and redesign interactions within the environment. Change management seeks adaptation and acceptance of new innovative and creative ways of carrying out tasks and can be structural, political, system or procedural changes. Organizational change focuses on employee behaviors and production outcomes, with value delivered when employees engage, take ownership and initiative in the change process. The process of organizational change involves all managers, from senior leadership or executive managers up to supervisors in the organization, and all personnel involved in the transition and direction of the change. 1.) Evaluate the various roles of managers and individuals in the change process. • Role of managers Leadership is an important element in change that directs communication and work flow throughout organizational change, each role is independent but works together performing the particular function according to their focus in the change. Senior leadership or executive managers maintain visible and active participation throughout the project, managing opposition, building a strong leadership team, and communicating with employees. The main focus is on listening to executives and senior leadership and seeing the commitment to who they are, and it is the nature of human beings to fear the unknown. A manager plays a key role by taking the initiative by proactively identifying where potential resistance may come from and incorporating strategies to ease or head off the resistance. Managers must view resistance as an opportunity, and to address it effectively, managers must know how to: 1) Identify the root cause; 2) Involve employees. Roles, both internal and external, are important in managing organizational change and represent a collaborative effort. As the environment changes and the organization develops ideas for change in procedures, structure, or markets, managing such changes becomes difficult as countless individuals will resist the change. Understanding and implementing these roles will effectively manage such changes while improving the organization at a faster pace.