The Yanomamo, also known as Yanomami and Yanomama, are a group of almost 35,000 indigenous people who live in approximately 200 villages in the Amazon rainforest of South America between Venezuela and Brazil. Like most other tribes, the Yanomamo migrated through the passages between Asia and America about 15,000 years ago, making their way to South America and are one of the last remaining ancient cultures. The meaning of Yanomamo is “Human Being”. The Yanomamo are made up of four subdivisions within their tribe and have their own language consisting of: the Sanema who live in the northern sector, the Ninam who live in the south-eastern sector, the Yanomam who live in the south-eastern part and the Yanomamo who live in the southwestern part of the Yanomami area. The Yanomamo were one of the tribes that remained unknown until the 1960s, discovered by the anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon and who his first impressions described them as a ferocious people. Men are usually the hunters and women are the gatherers. The men will go on long-distance hunts that can last up to a week. The Yanomami are known as hunters, fishermen and horticulturists. The women grow bananas and cassava in their gardens as main crops. Men do the heavy work of clearing forest areas for gardens. Another food source for the Yanomami are larvae. The practice of cutting down palm trees to facilitate the growth of larvae was the Yanomamo's closest approach to cultivation. The traditional Yanomamo diet is very low in salt. Their blood pressure is usually among the lowest of any demographic group. The Yanomamo often move from overworked areas, known as displaced cultivation, which occurs when the land is drained and… full of paper…, and to invasions that can result in the killing of individuals and the abduction of women. In the 1970s, gold miners or “pompeiros” entered the area bringing even more diseases to the virgin forests. These Pompeiros fought and killed tribe members to gain more land to mine on. Their mining techniques also wiped out much of Yanomamo territory. By 1990, more than 40,000 independent Pompeiros had flooded the Amazon's last frontier. In 1992, Brazil's President Collor de Mello authorized the opening of a Yanomamo Park to preserve this ancient culture. However, non-Yanomamo people have been able to come and go from this land, as proper monitoring was never established. The most famous act of violence against the Yanomamo was the Haximu massacre. It happened near Haximu, where in 1993, in Brazil, 16 Yanomamo were killed by gold miners.