IntroductionWhen Luigi Galvani, the Italian doctor, touched exposed nerve tissue in a pair of frog legs, they twitched. He unintentionally started the world down the path of portable electricity. Since that day, in the mid-18th century, we have made great progress. With the help of many scientists we have developed many different types of cells/batteries. The battery industry is a $46 billion industry with over 100 different cell types. As energy density increases at a rate of 5% per year, the demand for batteries is growing rapidly. Most of these cells are called Galvanic Cells. In this article, the chemistry, cost and practicality, societal impact, and environmental impact of a dry cell and a lithium ion cell will be discussed. Chemistry and structureDefinition of galvanic cellA galvanic cell is an electrochemical cell in which the spontaneous reduction-oxidation reaction gives rise to electrical energy. Both dry cell and lithium cell generate current, so they can be defined as galvanic cell. Dry Cell Chemistry Dry cell battery is one of the most commonly used types, which includes AA, 9-volt, and watch batteries. Dry batteries are different from wet cells, which can be used in all orientations. It is composed of a low-moisture paste to contain the electrolytes, a metal anode and a graphite/metal cathode. This assignment will discuss the chemistry of the zinc-carbon battery. Zinc-carbon battery cell is one of the most common galvanic cells since the reaction - Redox occurs in the generation of electricity. Diagram of a battery with zinc-carbon cells: In zinc-carbon battery, the zinc metal casing is the negative terminal, which is located in the anode where oxidation occurs. Equat......middle of paper......require protection from over charging and discharging too far. They require built-in protection circuits to ensure they are kept within safe operating limits. Immature Technology: Technology does not remain constant because lithium ion battery technology is still in an area of ​​development. In any case, as new lithium-ion technologies are continually developed, it could be a boon as better solutions are invented. Advantages: Nowadays we live in a world full of electronic devices. They are essential to us because we rely on them to work, communicate and live. Lithium cells can be rechargeable and allow people to use portable electronic devices, such as cell phones and computers. The invention of the lithium cell makes our life much easier and can also solve further problems such as improving medical devices by prolonging their use over time.