Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection that can attack any part of the body, but is normally found in the lungs (Huether, McCance, Brashers, & Rote, 2008,). Tuberculosis is an infection caused by an acid-fast bacillus also known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Huether et al. 2008). It is a leading cause of death in Asia, China, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan (Huether et al. 2008). These countries show that in most cases the incidence rate is higher in young adults and are usually the result of reinfection in recent infections. The spread of tuberculosis is attributed to the emigration of infected people from high-prevalence countries, substance abuse, poverty, transmission in crowded places, and the lack of adequate medical care for infected people (Huether et al. 2008) . Tuberculosis is transmitted from person to person through airborne droplets, when a person infected with tuberculosis coughs, sneezes, talks, and/or sings allowing tiny droplets to be released into the air (Bare, Smeltzer, Hinkle, & Cheever, 2008) . Tuberculosis cannot spread by touching inanimate objects, food or drink (Bare et al. 2008). The person must be in the same area as the affected individual and breathe in the droplets to be affected. Once the bacillus is breathed into the lungs, the bacilli begin to multiply causing lung inflammation also known as nonspecific pneumontitis (Huether et al. 2008). To provoke an immune response the bacilli will travel through the lymphatic system and settle in the lymph nodes (Huether et al. 2008). Lung inflammation causes activation of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils (Huether et al. 2008). Granulomas, new tissue masses of live and dead bacilli, are surrounded by macrophages that form a protective wall. They then transform into a mass of fibrous tissue, the central portion is called the ghon tubercle (Bare et al. 2008). The bacteria then necrotise, forming a cheesy mass, this mass may calcify and form a collagenous scar (Bare et al. 2008). At this point, the bacteria become dormant and there is no further progression of the active disease. The disease can reactivate through reinfection or activation of dormant bacteria (Bare et al. 2008). Tuberculosis can be classified as latent or active (Bare et al. 2008). Latent tuberculosis consists of isolated bacilli with a tubercle that may remain dormant and cause no symptoms. Active tuberculosis occurs when live bacilli leak into the bronchi or if the immune system is weakened by diseases such as HIV or cancer (Bare et al..