China has had a long dynastic rule – a monarchical history with many different dynasties ruling the country over each other. Among these victorious dynasties, the Ming-Qing dynasties were the best known. The fall of the Ming dynasty conquered by the Qing house therefore left the ancient Ming elites with a great impact on society and cultural lifestyle which was reflected in cultural products such as poems, novels, and essays of the Qing period. Furthermore, this period also brought about new capital and foreign commitments, the Chinese border was expanded into Manchuria and Vietnam. Technology and science were not as flourishing in the Ming Dynasty compared to the Song Dynasty. However, many revolts and rebellions occurred during the rule of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming period, also known as the Great Ming Empire, was an important era of the revival of Chinese society that led to the growth of Chinese civilization, including literacy, learning, and cultural forms. . The Ming Dynasty was founded in 1368 by the native Chinese or Han. It was the last era of the Hans before being ruled by the Manchus (Mănzú) who then formed the Qing dynasty over 270 years later in 1644 (Mote, 1999). It was during the early Ming period that China was very prosperous in agriculture, economy and society as all the small Chinese native groups were defeated and formed into unity with the emperor who was the central power of the land and the his people. Although Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion, Li Zicheng, this period was also the prime time of novels, poems, fiction, fiction and Chinese literature that are still famous to this day. At the height of the Ming Dynasty, there were approximately 160-200 million inhabitants with... half the paper... ce and units in the country; however, the Qing Dynasty in the later period collapsed due to the Opium Wars. Works Cited Chang, C., & Shelley, H. (1998). Redefining History: Ghosts, Spirits, and Human Society in the World of Pu Sung-ling, 1640-1715. Michigan: University of Michigan Press.Lynn, A. (1993). Voices from the Ming-Qing cataclysm: China in the jaws of tigers. New Haven: Yale University Press.Mote, F. (1999). Imperial China, 900-1800. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Wang, D., & Shang, W. (2005). Dynastic crisis and cultural innovation: from the late Ming to the late Qing and beyond. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Widmer, E. (1987). The Margins of Utopia: Shui-hu hou-chuan and the literature of Ming loyalism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Zhou, Z. (2003). Androgyny in late Ming and early Qing literature. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.