The HIV virus is a complex mix of various epidemics affecting different countries and regions of the world. It is undoubtedly the most crucial public health crisis of our time. The research has expanded our understanding of how the virus reproduces, controls and hides in a contaminated person. Although our perception of the pathogenesis and transmission of the virus has become more refined and prevention options have lengthened, a cure or protective vaccine remains intangible. In 1981, the New York Times published a detailed article about the epidemic of an unusual form of cancer among gay men in New York and California. It was mostly called “gay cancer,” but medically it was known as Kaposi's sarcoma. Around the same time, New York emergency rooms began receiving large numbers of apparently healthy young people presenting with fever, flu-like symptoms, and a pneumonia called Pneumocystis. About a year later, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) linked the disease to blood and gave it the term Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In that first year, over 1,600 cases were diagnosed with nearly 700 deaths (3). HIV is a lentivirus and, like all viruses of this type, attacks the immune system. Lentiviruses are in turn part of a larger group of viruses known as retroviruses. The name "lentivirus" literally means "slow virus" because they take a long time to create unfavorable effects in the body. They have been found in many different animals, including cats, sheep, horses, and cattle. However, the most interesting lentivirus for research into the origins of HIV is the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which affects monkeys and is believed to be at least 32,000 years old(7).Sc...... middle by documents ... from the national to the community level to implement immediate prevention programs based on education, behavioral modification and treatment of people infected with HIV. No vaccine has been proven effective in preventing HIV. Therefore, the epidemic continues to spread, especially among disadvantaged and marginalized populations: the poor, people of color, prisoners, drug users, and men who have sex with men. Many do not realize they are infected and innocently transmit the virus to others. Unawareness, prejudice and lack of access to healthcare are fueling the epidemic. Therefore, healthcare providers have a critical role in screening, testing and educating patients, families and communities. Health workers can also lead by example, offering compassionate, non-judgmental care to those affected by this deadly virus..